Proefschrift_Holstein

Controlling dorsolateral striatal function via anterior frontal cortex stimulation

A

t -value

2

3

4

5

1.5 2

2.5

3.5

3

4

5

6

z = 4 t > 1.28

Reward

Reward x Task switch

Reward x Task switch x Response switch

B

peak: x = 6, y = 16, z = 2

peak: x = -6, y = 6, z = -6 peak: x = -28, y = -8, z = 8

t -value

3.2

3.2

2.7

z = 8 z = 2

2.8

3.6

3.6

2.9

t > 2.61 y = 3

t > 3.14* y = -8

t > 3.14* y = 16

3

4

4

anterior

posterior

Figure 7.5 Effect of aPFC stimulation (versus baseline) for Reward (red), the interaction between Reward and Task switching (green), and between Reward, Task switching and Response switching (blue) A: To visualize the gradients in the striatum, the whole-brain maps for these three contrasts are shown in one image at a low threshold (t = 1.28, p < 0.1). We applied a filter over the image to visualize the anterior-posterior and medial-lateral gradient in the striatum. B: Whole-brain maps at PUNC < 0.001, t > 3.14 (left and right) and at PUNC < 0.005, t > 2.61 (middle) for Reward (left), Reward x Task switching (middle) and Reward x Task switching x Response switching (right). Asterisks (*) and black dashed circles indicate a significant effect of Reward (left) and the Reward x Task switching x Response switching (right) (PFWE < 0.05 within the search volume, i.e. the caudate nucleus or putamen, respectively) and red and blue dashed lines indicate the z-coordinates for the peaks of these respective effects to visualize the ventral to dorsal gradient.

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